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مقاله اول: مفهوم روغن کره یا همان کره گی دارویی (قریتا کالپانا) در مدیریت صرع کودکان (آپاسمارا)

مقاله‌ای با عنوان مفهوم روغن کره یا همان کره گی دارویی (قریتا کالپانا) در مدیریت صرع کودکان (آپاسمارا) به بررسی نقش کره گی دارویی در درمان صرع، به‌ویژه صرع کودکان، می‌پردازد. در آیورودا، صرع که به نام «آپاسمارا» شناخته می‌شود، به‌عنوان یک بیماری‌ توصیف شده که در آن حافظه و توانایی بازیابی شناختی دچار اختلال می‌شود. این مقاله نشان می‌دهد که اگرچه داروهای ضدصرع (AEDs) سنتزی به‌طور گسترده‌ای استفاده می‌شوند، اما اغلب عوارض جانبی قابل‌توجهی دارند. متون آیورودایی درمان‌های جایگزینی را با استفاده از روغن کره دارویی، معروف به قریتا کالپانا، پیشنهاد می‌کنند که با گیاهان دارویی غنی شده است.

نکات کلیدی مقاله:
1. مکانیسم و اثربخشی: کره گی خواص ضدتشنجی داشته و از سلامت عمومی حمایت می‌کند. این کره به‌ویژه در ترکیب با رژیم غذایی کتوژنیک که اجسام کتونی تولید می‌کند و اثرات ضدتشنجی دارد، مؤثر است.
2. روش‌های آیورودایی: دانشمندان باستان مانند چاراکا و سوشروتا، قریتا کالپانا را به‌عنوان بخشی از رویکردهای درمانی جامع توصیف کرده‌اند. این روش‌ها شامل استفاده از ناسیا (استعمال دارو از طریق بینی) است که امکان رساندن مستقیم دارو به مغز را فراهم می‌کند.
3. بینش‌های علمی: طبیعت چربی‌دوست روغن کره جذب دارو و انتقال آن از طریق غشای سلولی را افزایش می‌دهد و آن را به حامل قوی برای عوامل درمانی تبدیل می‌کند. همچنین، این کره حاوی ویتامین‌ها و اسیدهای چرب ضروری است که از مغز محافظت می‌کند.
4. مزایای بالینی: ماهیت کتوژنیک کره گی در طول تشنج انرژی فراهم می‌کند و از آسیب مغزی جلوگیری می‌کند. روغن‌های کره دارویی مختلفی مانند قریتا کالپانا و برهمی قریتا در مدیریت تشنج و بیماری‌های عصبی مرتبط مؤثر بوده‌اند.

This article titled Concept of Medicated Ghee (Ghrita Kalpana) in the Management of Childhood Epilepsy (Apasmara) explores the role of medicated ghee in treating epilepsy, particularly childhood epilepsy. Known as “Apasmara” in Ayurveda, epilepsy is described as a disorder where memory and cognitive recall are impaired. The article highlights that while synthetic antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are widely used, they often have significant side effects. Ayurvedic texts suggest alternative therapies using medicated ghee, called Ghrita Kalpana, which is prepared by infusing ghee with medicinal plants.

Key points include:
1. Mechanism and Efficacy: Medicated ghee offers anticonvulsant properties and supports general health. It is particularly effective when combined with a ketogenic diet, which generates ketone bodies that have anticonvulsant effects.
2. Ayurvedic Practices: Ancient scholars like Charaka and Sushruta describe Ghrita Kalpana as part of holistic treatment approaches. These include nasal administration (Nasya), which facilitates direct drug delivery to the brain.
3. Scientific Insights: Ghee’s lipophilic nature enhances drug absorption and transport across cell membranes, making it a potent carrier for therapeutic agents. It also contains essential vitamins and fatty acids that protect the brain.
4. Clinical Benefits: The ketogenic nature of ghee provides energy during seizures and prevents brain damage. Various medicated ghees, such as Kalyanaka Ghrita and Brahmi Ghrita, have shown promise in managing seizures and associated neurological conditions.

مقاله دوم: فواید سلامت‌بخش روغن کره: مروری بر دیدگاه‌های آیورودا و علم مدرن

مقاله‌ای با عنوان فواید سلامت‌بخش روغن کره: مروری بر دیدگاه‌های آیورودا و علم مدرن به بررسی جامع ویژگی‌های درمانی و عملکردی روغن حیوانی (گی) با ترکیب بینش‌های متون آیورودایی و تحقیقات علمی مدرن می‌پردازد. روغن حیوانی که جزء اصلی فرهنگ و آشپزی هندی است، در طب آیورودا نیز جایگاه ویژه‌ای دارد و به دلیل اثرات تغذیه‌کننده، جوان‌کننده و درمانی بسیار مورد توجه است.

Key Findings:
1. Ayurvedic Perspective: Ghee is frequently cited as beneficial for cognitive health, gastrointestinal support, nourishment, and immunity enhancement.
2. Modern Science Research: Research focuses on cardiovascular health, wound healing, and skin health, with emerging studies suggesting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
3. Collaborative Efforts: The article emphasizes collaborative efforts between Ayurveda and modern biomedicine to develop innovative health solutions.

مقاله سوم: ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی کره گی

مطالعه‌ای با عنوان ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی کره گی تولید شده به روش خامه مستقیم با دماها و زمان‌های مختلف حرارت‌دهی پس از تصفیه اثرات شرایط مختلف حرارت‌دهی پس از تصفیه بر کیفیت کره گی را بررسی می‌کند. این تحقیق بر روی کره گی تولید شده از خامه شیر بوفالو که با کشت‌های باکتریایی خاص تخمیر شده است، انجام شد.

Key Findings:
1. Impact of Temperature and Time on Oxidative Stability: Increasing heating temperature and time significantly enhanced the oxidative stability of ghee, with stability values rising from 15.45 hours at 100°C for 5 minutes to 28.60 hours at 120°C for 15 minutes.
2. Free Fatty Acid (FFA) Content: Higher FFA content was observed with longer heating periods, indicating the effect of heat on the quality of ghee.
3. Chemical Composition: Studies on the fatty acid profile and antioxidant properties demonstrate ghee’s potential as a functional food for both culinary and therapeutic purposes.

مقاله اول

An Evidence-Based Review on Wound Healing Herbal Remedies From Reports of Traditional Persian Medicine

Ayda Hosseinkhani, PharmD, PhD, Maryam Falahatzadeh, PharmD student, […], and Mohammad M. Zarshenas, PharmD, PhD zarm@sums.ac.ir

Abstract

Research on wound healing agents is a developing area in biomedical sciences. Traditional Persian medicine is one of holistic systems of medicine providing valuable information on natural remedies. To collect the evidences for wound-healing medicaments from traditional Persian medicine sources, 5 main pharmaceutical manuscripts in addition to related contemporary reports from Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect were studied. The underlying mechanisms were also saved and discussed. Totally, 65 herbs used in traditional Persian medicine for their wound healing properties was identified. Related anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and wound-healing activities of those remedies were studied. Forty remedies had at least one of those properties and 10 of the filtered plants possessed all effects. The medicinal plants used in wound healing treatment in traditional Persian medicine could be a good topic for further in vivo and clinical research. This might lead to development of effective products for wound treatment.

مقاله دوم

The effect of berberine supplementation on lipid profile and obesity indices: An umbrella review of meta-analysis

Zeynab Kavyani a b 1 , Erfan shahhosseini c 1 , Amir Hossein Moridpour a , Maryam Falahatzadeh d , Mahdi Vajdi e , Vali Musazadeh a b , Gholamreza Askari f

Abstract

Background

Several meta-analyses reported berberine supplementation improves lipid profile and obesity indices, but findings remain conflicting.

Aim of the review

Therefore, we carried out an umbrella review of meta-analysis in order to examine whether berberine supplementation on lipid profile and obesity indices.

Methods

A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar up to December 2022.

Results

Berberine supplementation was effective in reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (ES_SMD: −0.56 mg/dL; 95% CI: −0.74 to −0.38, p < 0.001), total cholesterol (TC) (ES_SMD: −0.57 mg/dL, 95% CI: −0.69 to −0.44, p < 0.001), triglyceride (TG) (ES_SMD: −0.47 mg/dL; 95% CI: −0.56 to −0.37, p < 0.001) according to SMD analysis. In addition, berberine significantly increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (ES_SMD: 0.14 mg/dL; 95% CI: 0.08–0.20, p < 0.001) according to SMD analysis. Also, the findings showed that berberine resulted in a significant decrease in waist circumference (WC) (ES _WMD: −1.30 cm; 95% CI: −1.91 to −0.69, p < 0.001), but not in body weight (ES_WMD: −0.86 kg; 95% CI: −2.12 to 0.41), body mass index (BMI) (ES_WMD: −0.57 kg/m²; 95% CI: −1.21 to 0.06, p = 0.078, and ES_SMD: −0.28 kg/m²; 95% CI: −070 to 0.14, p = 0.186), and waist-to-height ratio (WHR) levels (ES_SMD: −0.40; 95% CI: −1.26 to 0.47, p = 0.369).

Conclusion

The results of our study revealed that the supplementation of berberine could be effective in improving WC, and lipid profile, although the impact of this supplement on obesity indices needs further investigation.

مقاله سوم

Effects of Nigella sativa supplementation on lipid profiles in adults: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Mahsa Rounagh a 1 , Vali Musazadeh b 1 , Ali Hosseininejad-Mohebati c , Maryam Falahatzadeh d , Zeynab Kavyani g , Reza Bijan Rostami e , Mahdi Vajdi f

Summary

Background and aim

Several experiments have suggested that Nigella sativa (N. sativa) supplementation may have a beneficial effect on the lipid profile. However, the results from these trials have been inconclusive. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the impact of N. sativa supplementation on the lipid profile of adult participants.

Methods

We searched Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases until December 2022. Random effects models were used, and pooled data were determined as standardized mean differences with a 95% confidence interval.

Results

The findings of 34 studies with 2278 participants revealed that N. sativa supplementation significantly reduced total cholesterol (TC) (SMD: −1.78; 95% CI: −2.20, −1.37, p < 0.001), triglycerides (TG) (SMD: −1.2725; 95% CI: −1.67, −0.83, p < 0.001), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (SMD: −2.45; 95% CI: −3.06, −1.85; p < 0.001) compared to control groups. However, a significant increase was found in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (SMD: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.38, 1.20, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

N. sativa has improved effects on TG, LDL-C, TC, and HDL-C levels. Overall, N. sativa may be suggested as an adjuvant anti-hyperlipidemic agent.

مقاله چهارم

The status of Iranian hospital pharmacies according to age-friendly pharmacies criteria

Bastani, Peivand; Marzaleh, Milad Ahmadi1; Dehghani, Mina1; Falahatzadeh, Maryam2; Rahmati, Elahe1; Tahernezhad, Ali3

Abstract

Due to the increasing elderly population and the subsequent increase in their need for medication and more referrals to the pharmacy, this study was conducted to investigate the Iranian hospital pharmacies in terms of age-friendliness criteria. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 2017. The study population included 3 metropolitan hospital pharmacies selected through clustered sampling, and all their 67 pharmacies were included by census. Data collection tool was a reliable researcher-made checklist (t = 0.85, α = 0.9) Data analysis was performed using Kruskal–Wallis test and Mann–Whitney test through SPSS version 24. The results in these three cities showed that only two pharmacies were in a high level of age-friendly. The relationship between type of pharmacy and the final score of age-friendly situation in these cities showed no significant relationship. There was no significant relationship among the average of the final score of the age-friendly situation in three studied cities. Due to the increasing elderly population and the aging society, readiness of Iranian hospital pharmacies to provide services to the elderly will be one of the most challenging issues in the long term. With proper legislation and policies on health-care systems, especially pharmacies, physical and psychological problems in elderly can be reduced in the future. Furthermore, with advancing toward age-friendly pharmacies, the community can be empower and become ready encountering elderly problems.

مقاله پنجم

The effect of Nigella sativa supplementation on glycemic status in adults: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Shabnam Shirvani a 1 , Maryam Falahatzadeh b 1 , Elham Oveili c , Mehrdad Jamali d , Pedram Pam d , Maryam Parang e , Mehrnaz Shakarami f

Abstract

This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) sought to evaluate the effects of Nigella sativa (N. sativa) consumption on glycemic index in adults. A systematic literature search up to December 2023 was completed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, to identify eligible RCTs. Random effects models were assessed based on the heterogeneity tests, and pooled data were determined as weighted mean differences with a 95 % confidence interval. Finally, a total of 30 studies were found to be eligible for this meta-analysis. The pooled results using random effects model indicated that N. sativa supplementation significantly reduced FBS (SMD: −1.71; 95 % CI: −2.11, −1.31, p <0.001; I²= 92.7 %, p-heterogeneity <0.001) and HA1c levels (SMD: −2.16; 95 % CI: –3.04, −1.29, p <0.001; I²= 95.7 %, p-heterogeneity <0.001) but not effect on insulin (SMD = 0.48; 95 % CI: −0.53, 1.48, P = 0.353; I²= 96.1 %, p-heterogeneity <0.001), and HOMA-IR (SMD: −0.56; 95 % CI: −1.47, 0.35, p=0.229; I²= 95.0 %, p-heterogeneity <0.001).Overall, the evidence supports the consumption of N. sativa to reduce FBS and HA1c levels. Additional research, featuring extended durations and robust study designs, is necessary to determine the ideal dosage and duration of N. sativa supplementation for achieving a positive impact on glycemic markers.

مقاله ششم

Effect of curcumin supplementation on symptoms of anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Soroor Fathi a , Soheil Agharloo a , Maryam Falahatzadeh b , Sara Bahraminavid c , Ali Homayooni d , Amir Hossein Faghfouri e , Daniel Shafiei f , Seyyed-Ghavam Shafagh g

Summary

Background and aim

Curcumin is a polyphenolic natural compound that has been used to treat various ailments such as symptoms of anxiety. However, the findings of studies regarding the anti-anxiety properties of curcumin are controversial. This review aims to evaluate if there are clinical benefits of curcumin in patients with symptoms of anxiety.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were retrieved to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from the database inception to August 16, 2023. The random-effects model was used to estimate the standard mean difference (SMD).

Results

A total of eight RCTs involving 567 participants were included in the analysis. A pooled analysis showed a significant effect of curcumin on anxiety symptoms (SMD: −1.56; 95% CI: −2.48, −0.64, p < 0.001; I² = 95.6%, p-heterogeneity< 0.001).

Conclusion

Present meta-analysis demonstrated that curcumin intake might contribute to alleviation of anxiety disorder. Due to the limited number of studies included, it is necessary to conduct more high-quality studies to confirm the clinical efficacy of curcumin.

مقاله هفتم

From tradition to science: Possible mechanisms of ghee in supporting bone and joint health

Maryam Falahatzadeh a , Kianoosh Najafi b , Kaveh Bashti c

Abstract

Ghee, a traditional form of clarified butter, has been used for centuries in Ayurvedic medicine for its numerous health benefits. Recent scientific studies have begun to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which ghee may support bone and joint health. This review explores the bioactive components of ghee, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs), and fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K2), and their potential therapeutic effects on bone density, joint lubrication, and inflammation. SCFAs in ghee can potentially improve joint lubrication and reduce inflammation. MCFAs and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, modulating cytokine production and oxidative stress pathways. Vitamins D and K2 in ghee can play potentially crucial roles in calcium metabolism and bone mineralization, while vitamin A supports immune regulation and cartilage health. This review integrates traditional knowledge with contemporary scientific research, highlighting the potential of ghee as a complementary therapy for conditions such as osteoporosis and arthritis. By understanding the molecular mechanisms involved, future studies can focus on this field to shed a light on different effects of ghee on bone and joint health.